JFEYH10KV高压电机引接线

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本文旨在理清电动汽车高压电缆的用户(主机厂和线束厂)对用于连接高压电池、逆变器、空调压缩机、三相发电机和电动机的高压电缆的各种技术需求;提出了作为汽车零部件供应商和现有的标准的低压汽车电缆设计相比在机械和电气要求方面开发高压电缆面临的挑战。本文也阐述了采用设计方法、材料和电缆选型克服挑战，同时满足汽车行业的严格要求的途径。

This paper aims to sort out the high-voltage cable users of electric vehicles (OEM and wire harness factory) for various technical re of high voltage cable is connected with the high-voltage battery, inverter, air conditioning compressor, three-phase generator and motor; low voltage cable design proposed as automobile auto parts suppliers and existing standards in mechanical and electrical re of the development of high voltage cable the challenge. This article also describes the way to adopt design methods, material and cable selection to overcome challenges and meet the strict re of the automotive industry.

一、概述

First, an overview

国际原油价的不断上涨，全社会对环境恶化全球变暖的更加关注，加之各国政府税收的倾斜和政策的扶持，促使在全世界范围内替代能源尤其是电动汽车的市场份额不断增长。

The rising international crude oil price, the more attention of the whole society to the worsening of the environment and the global warming, and the support of the government's tax revenue and policies, have promoted the increasing market share of the alternative energy, especially the electric vehicle worldwide.

电动汽车主要包括三类，即纯电动汽车，混合动力汽车和燃料电池汽车。纯电动汽车和燃料电池汽车是完全由一个电动马达驱动的，而混合动力汽车结合内燃机与电动机，在加速和低速条件下内燃机的效率不高时由电动机支持。他们共同的特点是使用高达600V的或更高的驱动电压，涉及到布线，他们都有着相同的基本要求，既是在EMI(电磁干扰)保护系统下的安全传输高的电流和电压。作为高压电缆是用于连接高电压电池、逆变器、空调压缩机、三相发电机和电动机，实现动力电能的传输。

There are three main types of electric vehicles, namely, pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles and fuel cell vehicles. Pure electric vehicles and fuel cell vehicles are entirely driven by an electric motor, while hybrid electric vehicles, combined with internal combustion engines and motors, are supported by motors when the efficiency of internal combustion engines is not high under the condition of acceleration and low speed. Their common feature is the use of up to 600V or higher driving voltage, which involves wiring. They all have the same basic re, which is a safe transmission of high current and voltage under EMI (electromagnetic interference) protection system. High voltage cables are used to connect high voltage batteries, inverters, air conditioning compressors, three-phase generators and motors to achieve power transmission.

电动汽车的基本原理似乎很简单。 但深入分析，系统的制造商正在面临着一系列的挑战需要克服。对电动汽车高压电缆，其柔韧性，屏蔽，安全，尺寸等项目提出了新的技术要求，因为这些会影响大电流和高电压的组件的布线。而面对每一个可能的动力系统不同的技术要点，对所需的组件也提出了不同的特殊要求。

The basic principle of an electric car seems very simple. But in depth analysis, the system manufacturers are facing a series of challenges that need to be overcome. New technical re for electric vehicle HV cables, such as flexibility, shielding, safety and size, are put forward, because these will affect the wiring of components with high current and high voltage. In the face of the different technical points of each possible power system, the required components are also given different special re.

需要说明的是电动汽车的高压系统并不是典型的高压系统，相关术语如“高电压”和“高电流”必须**定在汽车领域范围内，和常规汽车的低压系统相对而言。在其他领域参照系统则采用完全不同的标准，如电力领域高电压定义起步就是几千伏水平。

It needs to be explained that the high voltage system of electric vehicle is not a typical high pressure system. The related terms, such as "high voltage" and "high current", must be limited to the field of automobile only, which is relative to the low voltage system of conventional vehicle. In other fields, the reference system uses completely different standards, such as the definition of high voltage in the field of electricity, which starts at a level of thousands of volts.

二、对电动汽车高压电缆的要求

Two. Re for high voltage cables of electric vehicles

创新的电动汽车设计对高压电缆和系统组件提出了新的挑战，这些要求不能完全采用现有的解决方案。具体要求分析如下。

The innovative design of electric vehicles poses new challenges to high voltage cables and system components, which can not be fully used in existing solutions. The specific re are analyzed as follows.

1. 电压

1. voltage

和常规汽车电缆的基本差异是结构需要按额定电压600 V设计，而如果在商用车和公共汽车上使用，额定电压可高达1000 V。相比之下，甚至更高。目前由内燃机驱动的汽车使用的电缆被设计为额定电压60 V。

The basic difference between conventional and automotive cables is that the structure needs to be designed at rated voltage 600 V, and if it is used on commercial vehicles and buses, the rated voltage can reach as high as 1000 V. In contrast, even higher. At present, the cable used by a vehicle driven by an internal combustion engine is designed as a rated voltage of 60 V.

系统在产生的功率(P = U×I)不变的情况下，由于使用较低的电流，高电压可以减少在传输系统的功率损耗(PLOSS= I2×R)。

When the generated power (P = U * I) is constant, the power loss of the transmission system can be reduced (PLOSS= I2 * R) due to the low current.